Repeater



Feb. 2, 1932o F. I UBBERGER ET A1. 1,843,137

REPEATER Filed Jan. 4, 1930 FL-jf E r1 har :l RETI-19m M511?,

Patented Feb. 2, 1932 eric FRITZ LUBBERGEB, 0F BERLm-SBGENDGRF, AND GE I* i BTHERT, OF BEELD?,

GERMANY, ASSGNORS T0 SIEMENS HALSKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OESIEMENS- STADT, BERLIN, 51;: n .La i r" Y nnrnafrm Application led January 4, 1230, Serial Ho. 418544, and in Germany April i?, 1929.

' these systems, especially in those having long lines, dificulties arise, because the impulses are much damped owing to the inductive and capacity 'resistances oi the lines and they are therefore so weakened that they do not suilice to reliably operate the switchin means to he vinfluenced at the incoming en of the connecting line.

These diculties are overcome by the invention and thus a greater range of the im.- pulses is obtained. This is. achieved in that at the outgoing end of the connecting line the direct current circuits extending over the primary Winding of the repeater used for transmitting the current impulses are so opened and closed at every impulse to be transmitted, that the induced impulse generated in the secondary Winding by opening the one circuit is lengthened by that generated by closing the other-circuit.

ln the Figs. l and 2 are shown two methods of carrying out the invention b Way of enample. ln the arrangement shown in the Fig. 1, the lengthened impulses of current are sent in alternate direction over the connecting leads Vb i and V6 2; While'in the arrangenient shown in the Fig. 2 they are always sent in the saine direction over the connectin leads V6 3 and Vb Ll.

rlhe arran ement according to Fig. 1 operates in the iollowing manner: rlhe changeover contacts 1 a l andv2 e l oscillate when the relay A. l is alternately energized and deener- The contact changes succeed one another so quickly that the induced impulse genera-ted by the opening of the contacts has not died down when that generated by the closing or" the contacts starts and in the generatin circuit the current reversal associated Wit the change-over of the contacts causes the two induced currents in the secondary Winding to low in the same direction as explained hereafter. 1lhe result of this is that the second induced impulse assists the tiret, so that each time the relay A l is energized, a lengthened current impulse or" particu ar direction passes over the junction leads Vb l and V25 2.

rlhe process is repeated each time the relay A 'l is released, so that the pair oi' current impulses due to the opening of the contacts 3 a l and 4f a l and the closing of the contacts l a l and 2 a l are combined to form a single lengthened impulse of current, which however flows over the connecting leads Vb l and lfb 2 in a direction, which is opposite to that oie the induced impulse generated in the secondary Winding oi the repeater when the relay A. l is energized.

Fig. 2 shows another method of carrying out the invention. rlhis arrangement causes all the impulses transmitted over the 'unction leads 'V 3 and V 4 to dow in t e same direction.

rl`his arran ement functions in the following manner: urrent normally doers over the following circuit when the arrangement is ready ior operating: battery, resistance W 2, Contact i a 2, primary Winding of the repeater Ue 2 contact 2 a 2, relay S, battery. Relay S is energized in this circuit and has opened its contact ll e, which takes up posi-V tion 10 e. y .Y When as alcove described the relay A 2 1s energized and released in known manner, its

.change-over contacts 1 a 2 and 2 a 2 are operated. The above described normally closed circuit is opened at contacts l o 2 and 2 a This opening of the direct current circuit ice eifects a change in the current in the primary windin of the repeater and so induces a current in 1ts secondary winding.

At the same time relay S falls back and closes its lcontact 11 s, thereby preparin al locking circuit for relay R. When relay 2 has operated and has closed contacts 3 a 2v and 4 a 2, a direct current circuit' is closed from battery over resistance W 2, .contact 4 a 2, primary winding of repeater Ue 2, contact 3 a 2, winding I of relay R to battery. The closing of thiscircuit again effects a change in the/current in the Iprimary winding of the repeater and so induces an impulse in its secondary winding. The direction of this induced current will now be explained.

When a current lowin in a circuit a is interrupted, the opening oi this circuit creates an induced current in an adjacent conductor b and its direction is determined by the direction of the current in the circuit a. When this circuit is closed again, an induced im-v pulsel is created in the adjacent conductor b,

the direction of which is opposite that of the current induced in conductor -b due to the opening of the circuit a. Therefore the direction of the-induced current depends on the direction of the created current and l, changes with the opening and closing ofthe over the primary winding' of therepeater to the fact that, as already mentioned, the in 46 Ue 2 before the one circuit is opened flows in the opposite direction to the other creating current fiowing over the primary Winding duetotheclosingof the other circuit. Owing duced current, which is due to the opening and closing of tlie creating current that flows in the same direction, changes its direction, .it follows that conversely if the creating current changes its direction, the induced current retains its direction.

Therefore the induced current created by the closing of the contacts 3 a2 and 4 a 2 flows 'in the. same direction over the secondary' winding of the repeater as the induced impulsev in this Winding due to the opening of the contacts 1 a 2 and 2 a 2; and the inducedA current flows over the contact 5 1', the connecting lead V113, back over the connecting lead Vb 4 and the contact 6 1'.

As .in the previously described example,

here also the induced impulse created bv the` closing of the contacts 3 a 2 and 4 a 2 follows,v so quickly the one created by the opening of' the contacts 1 a 2 and 2 a 2-this being due to the short time elapsing between the contact change-over--that'the two currents follow each other so quickly that only a single prolonged current impu se reaches thel connecting leads. Thereupon' the` relay R is 'operated by its winding I and switches over the contacts' 1' and 6 1' intoftheposition 7 1' and 8 1', and at its contact 9 1' it closes a locking circuit for itself over: earth, conf tacts 9 11, 11 s, Winding II of relay R, batearth. the relay'A 2 now falls back, the contacts- 3 a 2 and 4 a 2 are opened again and the contacts 1 a 2 and 2 a 2 are closed. This opening again causes a current alternation in the primary winding ofthe repeater Ue 2 andthereby an induced impulse in its secondarywinding. Similarly the closing of the contacts 1 a 2 and 2 a 2 causes an induced impulse to be created in the secondary winding ot therepeater. The direction of both impulses is the same, but yopposite to the direction of the currentimpulse, which reached the connecting line over the contacts 51' and 6 1', because the creating current, which is interrupted by the opening of the contacts 3 a 2 and 4 a 2 when the relay A 2 falls back, flows in the opposite directionto that of the creating current, which is interrupted by the opening of the contacts 1 a 2.and 2 a 2 when the relay A 2 is energized. The prolon ed induced impulse, which is due to the-re ay A 2 falling back and therefore iows in the direction opposite to that of the impulse .due to the relay A 2 pulling up, does not, however, reach the connecting line in this opposite direction, because while the contacts changed over from 3 a 2 to 1 a 2 and from 4 a 2 to 2 a 2, the contacts 7 1' and 8 1' are closed, as the relay S does not operate again until the contacts 1 a 2 and 2 'a 2 are closed, and it then at its contact 11 s interrupts the locking circuit of the relay R. When this has been effected, the relay R falls back and the contacts 7 1' and 8 1' are opened andnconl- `tacts 5 1' and6 1' are closed; hence when the relay A 2 is again operated, the cycle can bc repeated again. i

Therefore by means of this arrangement it is achieved thatthe induced impulses,

ywhich are created by the energizing and de-V energizing 'of the impulse receiving relay, are not only lengthened, but also pass over theyconnecting line in the same direction.

Whatis claimedis: 1. In a telephone systenna line and a trunk coupled by a repeating coil, an impulse receiving relay connected to said line, two direct current circuits each including the primary winding of said repeating coil, and contacts on. said impulse receiving relay for opening one ,circuit and closing the other lat each energization or deenergization of said relay whereby theimpulse induced in the secondary winding of said -coil due `to the opening of one circuit is lengthened by the impulsc induced in the secondary winding due to the closing of the other circuit.

2. In a telephone system, an impulse repeater including a repeating coil, two direct current circuits each including the primary winding of said coil, a trunk line connected to the secondary winding of said coil, and means 'for reversing the current through said primary winding by opening one of` said circuits and closing theother whereby a single impulse isy transmitted over said trunk line, said impulse consisting of the induced current generated by the opening of one circuit and the induced current generated by the closing of the other circuit.

3. In animpulse repeater, a repeating coil, two direct current circuits each including the primary winding of said coil, a. trunk line connected to the secondary winding of said coil, means for opening one of said circuits and closing the other thereby reversing the current through saidprimary winding and inducing an impulse of current in said sec ondary winding, and means for reversing the trunk connections to said secondary winding at the end of each impulse so that vall impulses `are transmitted in the same direction over said trunk line.

4. In an impulse repeater, a repeating coil, a trunk line connected to the secondary 'winding of said coil. meansfor reversing the current through the primary winding of said coil thereby inducing a single impulse in said secondary winding, and means responsive to said irst means for reversing the trunk connections to said secondary winding at the end of each impulse so that all impulses are transmitted oversaid trunk line in the same direction.' t

5. In a telephone system, 'a line and a trunk connected by a repeating coil', a battery connected to theiprimary winding of said coil, and means responsive to impulses received v over said line for reversing the connections of said vbattery to said primary winding whereversing the connections of said trunk line to said secondary winding.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 2nd day of December, A. D.

by impulses are induced in said secondary winding, each induced impulse consisting of the induced currents due to the opening of the battery connections and the closing of the reversed connections.

6. In an impulse repeater, a repeating coil,

' closed, andl'contacts on said relay for re-A 

